THEMECHANICALENGINEERING.COM
No Result
View All Result
  • Automobile
  • SOM
  • FM
  • HMT
  • MST
    • Measurement and Metrology
    • Material Science
  • PPE
  • RAC
  • TOM
  • Thermodynamics
THEMECHANICALENGINEERING.COM
No Result
View All Result
Home Manufacturing Technology

Shaper Machine: Definition, Parts, Working Principle, Types, Operation, Advantages, Application [Notes & PDF]

Er. Amrit Kumar by Er. Amrit Kumar
July 4, 2022
in Manufacturing Technology
0
10.6k
SHARES
36.4k
VIEWS
WhatsappTelegramFacebookTwitter

Table of Contents

Toggle
  • Shaper Machine Introduction:
  • Shaper Machine Definition:
  • Shaper Machine Parts:
  • Shaper Machine Working:
  • Shaper Machine Working Video:
  • Shaper Machine Operation:
  • Shaper Machine Types:
  • Shaper Machine Specification:
  • Advantages of Shaper Machine:
  • Disadvantages of Shaper Machine:
  • Application of Shaper Machine:
  • Important FAQs of Shaper:

In this article, we will study Definition, Parts, Working, Types, Operation, Advantages, Disadvantages, Application of Shaper Machine.

At the end of every article, you can easily download a PDF version of this article.

So let’s start with the introduction of Shaper Machine,

Shaper Machine Introduction:

A shaper Machine is a reciprocating type of machine that is used for producing horizontal, vertical flat surfaces. The workpiece is fixed on the table and the Ram holds the single point cutting tool. During forwarding stroke, (the single point tools attached to the ram and workpiece is fixed on a table).

Shaper Machine Definition:

Shaper Machine is a production machine in which the single point cutting tools are attached and the workpiece is fixed and while moving forward the tool cuts the workpiece and in return, there is no cut on the workpiece and used for producing flat and angular surfaces.

Now coming to Shaper Parts,

Shaper Machine Parts:

Shaper Machine consists of following parts:

  • Base
  • Column
  • Table
  • Cross rail
  • Ram
  • Clapper Box
  • Elevating Screw
Shaper Machine

Let’s understand one by one,

Base:

The base is the most important part of the shaper because it holds all the loads of the machine. It is made up of cast iron. It absorbs vibration and other forces that occur while performing shaping operations.

Column:

The column is mounted on the base. It is also made up of cast iron. Column supports the ram that is moving forward and backward for operation. It also acts for covering the drive mechanism.

Table:

It is mounted on the saddle. It is also one of the important parts of the machine.

The table can be moved crosswise by rotating the crossfeed rod and also for vertical by rotating the elevating screw. It is a box-like casting with an accurately machined side and top surfaces.

These surfaces having T-Slots for clamping the work. In heavier type shaper machines, the table clamped with table support to make it more rigid.

Cross rail:

It is also mounted on the column on which the saddle is mounted.

The vertical movement and Horizontal movement is given to the table by raising or lowering the cross rail using the elevating screw and by moving the saddle using the cross feed screw.

Ram:

The Ram reciprocates and it carries the tool head in which single point cutting tool is attached.

The tool head is in the clapper box, which causes cutting action only in a forward stroke of the ram. The feed or depth of cut of the tool is given by down feed screw.

Shaper Machine Working:

In short, The shaper works on the principle of the Quick return motion mechanism.

Let’s understand in depth,

Shaper Machine

As you can see the above diagram of Shaper machine, The tool is hold by Ram and workpiece is fixed over table.

When we switch on the power the ram reciprocates with respect to the table that means the cutting tool cuts workpiece material in the forward direction and when moving return there is no cut.

The cutting process take place at low speed of ram and return stroke take place at high speed.

With the use of hand transverse wheel we can do up and down of the table.

Shaper Machine Working Video:

Video Credit to ANUNIVERSE 22

Now come to operation,

Shaper Machine Operation:

Generally, There are Four types of Operation performed on Shaper that are:

  • Vertical Cutting Operation
  • Horizontal Cutting Operation
  • Inclined Cutting and
  • Angular or Irregular Cutting Operation

Shaper Machine Types:

There are nine different types of Shaper Machine:

  • Standard Shaper
  • Vertical Shaper
  • Horizontal Shaper
  • Geared Shaper
  • Universal Shaper
  • Crank Shaper
  • Draw cut Shaper
  • Hydraulic Shaper and
  • Contour Shaper Machine

We will study these machine in detail, Let’s start:

Standard Shaper:

Standard shaper is commonly use types of machine in the industry. During forward the cutting process occur and backward there is no cutting.

Standard Shaper Machine

Vertical Shaper:

The movement of the tool in the vertical axis. The workpiece is kept on a table that can have a cross, longitudinal, and rotational movement.

Vertical Shaper is widely used for cutting slots, key holes, grooves etc.

Horizontal Shaper:

The ram holding the tool in a horizontal axis and the ram is reciprocating.

This type machine is also used for the production of flat surfaces, key-ways, external grooves, and more.

Geared Shaper:

Very less industry using this type of machine nowadays. In a Geared shaper, rack and pinion arrangement is utilized to make the ram reciprocate for cutting operation.

The speed and direction of the traverse depend on the number of gears and its arrangement in the gear train.

Shaper Machine

Universal Shaper:

The major advantages of Universal shaper is that, you can feed the table in all directions. Either horizontally, vertically or an inclined plane.

In this type of machine, you can also swivel the table about its own axis. This universal features enables to perform various types of operations on this machine.

Crank Shaper:

It is also very common types of shaper. The tool (Single Point) is reciprocating in motion equal to the length of the stroke and the work is clamped in position on an adjustable table.

Draw cut shaper:

In this machine, the workpiece metal is removed during the return stroke of the Ram.

Hydraulic Shaper:

In this type of machine, the reciprocating motion of the ram is provided by the hydraulic mechanism. This Hydraulic shaper uses the oil under high pressure and the end of the piston rod is connected to the ram.

The high-pressure oil first acts on one side of the piston and then on the other causing the piston to reciprocating and the motion is transmitted to the ram.

The main advantages of this machine the cutting speed and force of the ram drive are constant. From start to finish of the cut it does not makes noise and operates smoothly.

Shaper Machine Specification:

The following specification of shaper is:

  • Weight of the Machine.
  • Floor space required.
  • Maximum stroke of Ram
  • Drive types (Hydraulic, Gear and Crank type)
  • Input Power
  • Cutting to Return Stroke ratio
  • Angular Movement of the table and
  • Feed

Advantages of Shaper Machine:

Following Advantages of Shaper are:

  • The tool (Single Point cutting tool) cost is low.
  • The workpiece can be held easily in this machine.
  • It produces flat or angular surfaces.
  • Setup of Shaper is very easy and tool changing is also easy.

Disadvantages of Shaper Machine:

The following disadvantages of Shaper Machine:

  • The cutting speed is not much high.
  • Only one cutting tool can be fixed. There is no option for more than one cutting tool.

Application of Shaper Machine:

The following application of Shaper Machine are:

  • A shaper Machine is used to make Internal splines.
  • It generates straight and flat surfaces either horizontal, vertical or angular planes.
  • It also makes gear teeth.
  • Make keyways in pulleys or gears.
  • It also Producing contour of concave/convex or a combination of these.

Understand Shaper Machine by Video:

Video Credit to LEARN AND GROW

Important FAQs of Shaper:

What is a Shaper Machine?

A shaper is a machine tool in the manufacturing industry that is used for removing material from a workpiece to produce a flat surface on the workpiece.

On which principle a Shaper works?

It works on a Quick return motion mechanism principle.

What operation Performs on a this Machine?

The following operation is performed:
Machining Horizontal, vertical, Inclined, Irregular surfaces and Cutting slots, keyways, grooves.

Internal Resources:


  • Bolt and Types of Bolt
  • Extrusion Process
  • Forming Process
  • Photochemical Machining
  • Grinding Machine

Reference [External Link]:


  • https://www.uotechnology.edu.iq/dep-production/branch3e_files/10luma.pdf
  • https://www.slideshare.net/yugaaravind/shaper-machine-170494747
  • https://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=3833
Print Friendly, PDF & Email

Related Article:

  • Feature Image of Pneumatic System
    Pneumatic System: Definition, Components,…
  • Feature Image of Master Cylinder
    What is Master Cylinder? Definition,…
  • Feature Image of Cylinder Head
    Cylinder Head: Definition, Construction,…
  • Feature Image of Aluminum Types
    Aluminum: Introduction, Characteristics,…
  • Feature Image of Parts of Car
    Different Parts of Car Name Explained with…
  • Feature-images-of-Cylinder-Liner
    Cylinder Liner: Definition, Function,…
SendShareShare4222Tweet2639ScanShareSend
Previous Post

Stress and Strain: Definition, Formula, Types, Curve Diagram, [Notes & PDF]

Next Post

Different Types of Gear [Notes and PDF]

Er. Amrit Kumar

Er. Amrit Kumar

Amrit Kumar is a Mechanical Engineer and founder of Themechanicalengineering.com. I have done a Diploma and Engineering degree in Mechanical and writes content since 2016.

Related Posts

Featur Image of 5 axis tool grinder Image
Manufacturing Technology

The Design Features of the Five-Axis Tool Grinder

March 27, 2023
Feature Image of Aluminum Types
Automobile Engineering

Aluminum: Introduction, Characteristics, Different Types, Application [Notes & PDF]

October 15, 2022
Feature Image of Pneumatic System
Manufacturing Technology

Pneumatic System: Definition, Components, Working, Advantages [Notes & PDF]

October 1, 2022
Feature Image of Bolt
Manufacturing Technology

What is Bolt? Different Types, Geometry, and Material [Notes & PDF]

July 4, 2022
Extrusion Process
Manufacturing Technology

What is Extrusion? Different types of Extrusion Processes? [Notes & PDF]

May 22, 2022
3 Reasons Why Engineering is Essential to the Mining Industry
Manufacturing Technology

3 Reasons Why Engineering is Essential to the Mining Industry

April 29, 2022
Next Post
Feature Image of Steel

Steel: Properties, Different Types and Applications [Notes & PDF]

Discussion about this post

AUTHOR

About me, My name is Amrit Kumar. I have studied Mechanical Engineering and on this platform, I try to share the content in detail and in a good format. My aim is to provide useful and engaging content to our readers. I have been on this journey since 2016.

Categories

  • Automobile Engineering
  • Basic Tools
  • Engineering Mechanics
  • Fluid Mechanics and Machinery
  • Heat and Mass Transfer
  • Manufacturing Technology
  • Material Science
  • Measurement and Metrology
  • Piping Engineering
  • Power Plant Engineering
  • Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
  • Theory of Machines
  • Thermodynamics
  • Tracking

Internal Resources for You

  • Pneumatic System: Definition, Components,…
  • What is Master Cylinder? Definition,…
  • Cylinder Head: Definition, Construction,…
  • Aluminum: Introduction, Characteristics,…
  • Different Parts of Car Name Explained with…
  • Cylinder Liner: Definition, Function,…
  • Cylinder Block: Definition, Function,…
  • What is Bolt? Different Types, Geometry,…
  • What is Pulley? Different Types of Pulley…
  • What is Screw? Different Types of Screw…
  • What are the Different Types of Car Lights…
  • Different Types of Measuring Tools and…
  • Steel: Properties, Different Types and…
  • Home
  • About Us
  • Contact us
  • Disclaimer
  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms and Conditions

Copyright © 2019-23 The Mechanical Engineering | Free Blog for Engineers

No Result
View All Result
  • Automobile
  • SOM
  • FM
  • HMT
  • MST
    • Measurement and Metrology
    • Material Science
  • PPE
  • RAC
  • TOM
  • Thermodynamics

Copyright © 2019-23 The Mechanical Engineering | Free Blog for Engineers